Housing and urban development in the European Union face many challenges in recent years. High house prices and increasing lack of affordable housing supply, are preventing European citizens from accessing housing. The gap between income and living costs which has been growing for decades is widening even more by inflation and high interest rates. These difficulties affect lower and middle-income households, young people, and vulnerable groups such as the elderly or people with disabilities, many of whom are deprived of the chance to access decent housing. Following the political discourse of the EU addressing the state of affordable housing (eg. Declaration of Nice and Declaration of Gijon) the need for stronger public action for housing is clearly highlighted. This puts further responsibility on wide range of stakeholders: European Commission, Member States, local authorities, private and civic sector.